Hi Robert,
Thanks for your information. During the setting up, we don’t recommend putting the ADFS into a non-internet access environment . Based on the error appear at “adfs.domain.com“ , I would like you to access https://<adfs.domain.com>/adfs/ls/idpinitiatedsignon.aspx in an internal computer to see you can login to ADFS server. If you can’t, you need to check the Event Log of ADFS server for the detailed logs.
Thanks,
Neo Zhu